Jane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte - 1268 Words

Jane experiences issues in each of the settings she resides in. In Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s novel, Jane Eyre, the Reed family abuses Jane at Gateshead. Similarly, Mr. Brocklehurst harms and strips Jane of her self confidence at Lowood, the institution he manages. After her time at Lowood, Rochester betrays Jane in his home, Thornfield Hall. In order to rid herself of that hurtful emotion, Jane escapes to the Moor house. However, at her supposed sanctuary, St. John, one of the members of the household, takes Jane’s power away. Jane drifts through multiple settings in the plot as a way to cope with the insecurities instilled in her. The Reed family violates Jane mentally in their home, Gateshead. John Reed instigates a quarrel that escalates†¦show more content†¦Mr. Brocklehurst, however, attempts to strip Jane of her identity at Lowood, her following destination. When Brocklehurst visits Lowood, he punishes Jane for dropping a slate. He publicly humiliates Jane by forcing her to stand on a stool for everyone to look at her. Jane, who becomes more marginalized, experiences the pain Brocklehurst causes her: she says, â€Å"I felt their eyes directed like burning-glasses against my scorched skin† (66). The mental pain from the punishment helps to soften any of Jane’s confidence. As a result, she becomes unsure of her self-worth. Jane begins to fall prey to the ideals of Lowood because she thinks of herself as inferior to individuals at the institution. The sense of even having an unsatisfactory disposition introduces breeding ground for Jane to lose herself in terms identity in order to improve herself. Jane’s change allows her to be in the uniformed, majority group, which helps her escape the setting of Brocklehurst’s wrath. Though Mr. Brocklehurst leaves the Lowood institution, Jane continues to feel the urge to leave the premises once the sense of a home is gone. Miss Temple helps manage the institution after Brocklehurst for many years. However, she eventually marries and leaves Lowood. Miss Temple’s absence, however, inadvertently makes Jane restless. To the audience, Jane conveys, â€Å"...it was not the power to be tranquil which had failed, but the reason for

Essay about To My Dear and Loving Husband - 820 Words

To my Dear and Loving Husband Romantic language in literature has been used for ages to express authors feelings for another human being. This language has been developed through out the years to create ways in which different types of romantic emotions can be expressed in writing. From the breath taking romantic novels of today all the way back to the first writers of the Bible and the romantic books of Song of Solomon and Psalms, romantic language has not only been used to express human emotions but also the role of these emotions in the culture of the times. There have been numerous authors who dared to go beyond what their society would have viewed as politically or morally correct. Anne Bradstreet is one of these authors;†¦show more content†¦The title, To my Dear and Loving Husband, clearly signifies that this poem was intended for her husband alone. Bradstreet did not live in a time where woman authors would have been very highly respected for their work; this allowed her the opportunity to c reate very personal pieces because she believed that they would never be published. If Bradstreet had intended for her poetry to become available for the public she would have been forced to write much differently. Bradstreet understood the implications of writing her true emotions and never would have done so if she had not felt that they would have been kept safe from the scrutiny of her fellow puritans. The fear of being ridiculed, banished or killed would have stopped Bradstreet from ever composing poetry for the public as racy as the poems she created for her family especially her husband. Due to the fact that she believed no one would read this poem besides her husband she was able to write more closely to how she truly felt without fear or trepidation, this is apparent in the fact that this particular poem is much different from many of her other poems. There are many aspects of the poem To my Dear and Loving Husband which set it apart from most of Bradstreets other poetry. The poem begins with one solid, short and concise sentence, this is far different than most of her poems which begin with a vague idea or a much longer complex statement. This shows a change in writingShow MoreRelatedMy Dear, And Loving Husband1656 Words   |  7 PagesTo My Dear, and Loving Husband Love â€Å"two were one†, love â€Å"live ever† Bradstreet states her countless love for her husband in her poem, â€Å"to my dear and loving Husband†. She shows the binding force that can adhesion two people into one. Her poem conveys crucial massage to her husband especially and to all her audiences about the significance of love in the sacred family. She prices this love more than any valuable things in this word. Her philosophy about the love is connect between the heaven andRead MoreMy Dear And Loving Husband By Anne Bradstreet929 Words   |  4 Pagescivilization, love is considered the deciding factor in taking that leap. Anne Bradstreet wrote in her poem To My Dear and Loving Husband â€Å"If ever two were one, then surely we. If ever man were loved by wife, then thee; if ever wife was happy in a man, Compare with me ye women if you can (CITATION).† Even though she lived in a Puritan home, Bradshaw freely expressed her love for her husband. This e xpression could have been viewed as just as radical as homosexual marriage is today. One of the biggestRead MoreTo My Dear and Loving Husband by Anne Bradstreet Essay523 Words   |  3 PagesTo My Dear and Loving Husband by Anne Bradstreet If ever two were one, then surely we. If ever man were loved by wife, then thee; If ever wife was happy in a man, Compare with me ye women if you can. I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold. Or all the riches that the east doth hold. My love is such that rivers cannot quench, Nor ought but love from thee recompense Thy love is such I can no way repay, The heavens reward thee manifoldRead MoreTheme Of To My Dear And Loving Husband By Anne Bradstreet954 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Analysis Poetry is a form of literature that can be both artistic and meaningful, with many similarities and differences between the poetry pieces created by the millions of famous poets throughout history. The poems â€Å"To My Dear and Loving Husband† by Anne Bradstreet and â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day† __ _______ ___________ are two examples of poetry masterpieces that not only have many things in common, but that also have things that make them unique and singular pieces of literatureRead More Analysis of To My Dear and Loving Husband by Anne Bradstreet752 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of To My Dear and Loving Husband by Anne Bradstreet Anne Bradstreet, the author of â€Å"To My Dear and Loving Husband† was a Puritan. This had great influence on the meaning and theme of her poem. This poem was actually not published until almost 40 years after she died. She lived in a harsh religious world where it was looked down upon for women to be courageous and smart. She lived a life that where she was unspoken and obedient to because of her religious belief. She had many concernsRead MoreAnne Bradstreet s Poem, My Dear And Loving Husband 1993 Words   |  8 Pagesand views by writing in her poetry journal. Out of all her many poems, ‘To My Dear and Loving Husband’ stuck out as, one with a simple message, with hidden meanings throughout. Though Bradstreet is known as one who made large bounds for her fellow women, the fact that she relies on her husband for a sense of self is present in the second line of the poem. Bradstreet â€Å"using the word â€Å"man,† not the corresponding term â€Å"husband†; this grants him a level of independence from the relationship that she doesRead MorePuritanism In My Dear Loving Husband, By Anne Dudley Bradstreet1144 Words   |  5 Pagesher relationship with her husband resulted in writing that reflected the religious and emotional conflicts she experienced as a puritan women. Anne Bradstreet died in1672 in Massachusetts at the age of 60. We will analyze three of her many successful writings to explore the connection of puritanism expressed in her work. The poem (My Dear Loving Husband) is a romantic tribute to her husband. She begins to exemplify their eternal love. She shows how much she values her husband and how she would neverRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Anne Bradstreets To My Dear and Loving Husband470 Words   |  2 PagesAnalysis of Anne Bradstreets To My Dear and Loving Husband Anne Bradstreets poem, To My Dear and Loving Husband, shows her profound love and undying affection for her husband. For a Puritan woman who is supposed to be reserved, Bradstreet makes it her obligation to enlighten her husband of her devotion. She conveys this message through her figurative language and declarative tone by using imagery, repetition, and paradoxes. Over and over again she expresses her adoration for him withRead MoreAn Analysis of Anne Bradstreets Poem, To My Dear and Loving Husband611 Words   |  3 PagesThe poem â€Å"To my Dear and Loving Husband† by Anne Bradstreet, is not just an exceedingly felt expression of a wife’s marital love and commitment to her husband, as it is about a puritan women who is supposed to be reserved but she makes it her obligation to enlighten her husband of her devotion. A thorough analysis of the poem’s paradox, hyperbole, imagery and repetition reveals how she conveys her message. The opening lines of the poem show how strong her feelings are for her husband. BradstreetRead MoreEssay about Love in Anne Bradstreets To my Dear and Loving Husband1407 Words   |  6 Pagesfeeling of deep affection; also, it mentions â€Å"Love is greatest†. The purpose of my essay is to analyze Anne Bradstreet as a loving, caring and Godly wife using the theme of the verse If ever two were one, then surely we†¦. from her poem To My Dear and Loving Husband. One of Anne Bradstreet’s great works involves the poem To my Dear and Loving Husband†. From this poem, we know that she is very much in love with her husband and children. Anne Bradstreet, Americas first published poet was born in Northampton

What Are the Intended Effects of the Opening of Ridley Scott’s ‘Gladiator’ and How Effective Are They Free Essays

Ridley Scott’s ‘Gladiator’ was released in 2000 and won five Oscars (Academy Awards); including â€Å"Best Film,† â€Å"Best Visual Effects† and â€Å"Best Director.† Scott cast some well known actors such as Russel Crowe and Richard Harris. Some reports suggest it cost an amazing à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½145 million. We will write a custom essay sample on What Are the Intended Effects of the Opening of Ridley Scott’s ‘Gladiator’ and How Effective Are They? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The casting of Crowe as Maximus was significant because he is able to portray a very well built, physically strong, battle-hardened leader. The character of Maximus contrasts with the casting of Harris as the ageing Emperor with his gaunt and tired looking features. From the very outset of the film, the director employs a sepia effect coupled with a dark, overcast almost monochrome effect. These combine to give the impression of imminent tragedy as well as conveying that the events are set in the distant past. The director has even asked the production companies ‘Universal’ and ‘DreamWorks’ to make their logos’ sepia to show continuity. The historical information provided helps the audience to place the film in a historical context. The use of old Roman font for the text further reinforces the context and genre. The information is factual, gives names and information of real people. It is clear that this is going a historical, action film but with a central theme about power, control and one man’s fight for his freedom from the killing and slaughter. The first shot is an extreme close up, when you would normally expect an extreme long shot to see the scene. The extreme close up is focusing on the actor’s hand floating through the grass. The slow quiet music helps to make the shot dreamlike. The main character seems calm because he is stroking the grass and he is wearing a wedding ring to show he is a family man. After the slow close up shot the director shows the character alone on the battlefield which makes the previous scene a definite dream. To establish that it was a dream the director jumps from a slow calm shot to a medium close up on the character in a more dark and gloomy shot. The character’s armour and wolf-skin shows that he is an important man. The cut to a robin (a bird usually seen in winter) with a dark background tells the audience that it is winter. After seeing the robin a small smile fights its way on to his face, which shows he is not just a gory, ruthless fighter and that he does have a gentle side. The extreme long shot is good to set the scene of the battlefield, which is a dark and gloomy forest. The name of the location ‘Germania’ is Roman for Germany, by using the Roman language it helps to establish the fact that it is an old, Roman film. This shot is more dramatic because it contrasts heavily with the previous dreamlike shot of the hand floating through a calm cornfield. The slow music (adagio) starts off the extreme long shot making the atmosphere calm and gentle, it also makes it ominous because the adagio music is playing in the battlefield shot. When the shot begins to zoom in the music becomes more lively and action packed just as the army starts coming into view so you know that they are going to war. The music includes trumpets and a few drums which makes the shot more martial. The sudden change in atmosphere and music starts to build up the tension and expectation that a great deal of action is imminent. As the shot moves to Marcus Aurelius, the audience can see that he is an important character. He is wearing gold along with a purple cape. The purple cape shows he is royalty because to make the colour purple a tiny sea creature called a Murex Mollusc was required. This creature was very rare and large quantities were required to make a small amount of dye. Therefore, purple garments were highly prized status symbols. Whilst zooming inward the camera shot used is a low angle which makes Marcus Aurelius seem very high on his horse. He is also just watching the war not doing anything and he has got a stern looking bodyguard. The director emphasises General Maximus’ authority by using a medium close up as he walks along all of his troops. Everyone is focused on him; they move out of the way, bow down and are always calling him sir to show complete respect. The costume he wears defines his authority, he wears more armour than the rest of his army and he is also wearing wolf-skin. The director stresses Maximus’ authority and respect by making his word final, the director shows this in the following quote, â€Å"The range is good† this is the sentence where Maximus cuts off the other soldier, also â€Å"†¦is acceptable†, then, â€Å"agreed†, Maximus speaks in a very low, quiet, considered tone of voice but the soldiers still listen with no question which shows their respect for him. In the pre-battle motivational speech to his men, Maximus uses the type of language that his men can understand to encourage and motivate them. â€Å"Three weeks from now I will be harvesting my crops. Think were you want to be and it will be so.† Here he is making them think positive about the future and set a goal for themselves. He then jokes that if they find themselves all alone they are already in Elysium (Roman afterlife). But then he uses a phrase that seems quite out of character for a tough, brutal general of an aggressive, imperial Roman army, â€Å"What we do in life echoes in eternity.† This line instantly marks out Maximus as having a spiritual and sentimental aspect to his character. There are many differences between the Romans and the German Tribesmen, for instance when Maximus is giving his speech all of his troops are in formation quietly listening and fully concentrating, by contrast the German Tribesmen are shouting and not giving any attention. The fighting style of the Romans is orderly, synchronised and they are in a perfect battle formation, the Tribesmen are in disorganised running around like a rabble. The Romans are equipped with matching armour and similar weapons whilst the Tribesmen have animal skins and rough individual weapons. The Romans appear to have a complete strategy and are disciplined, the Tribesmen just rely on their brute strength, and even their appearance is barbaric. The director helps to establish the difference between the two sides by taking the shots of each side one after the other. Toward the end of the battle the director employs a technique that seems completely unexpected. As the battle is raging, there is loud martial music with lots of trumpets, drums and war cries. However as the battle is coming to a conclusion and the Roman army is on the verge of victory, the director switches to slow motion shots and an adagio score. Instead of seeing triumphant Romans celebrating their victory and listening to triumphant music, the audience is left in a slightly confused state. It is almost as if the director is trying to communicate the futility of the death and destruction. As the last of the Germans are being slaughtered and fires are raging in the background the only human sound is the sound of heavy tired exhalation of breath, Even blood splattered, exhausted Maximus’ triumphant cry, â€Å"Roma Victor!† and his soldiers’ cheers are almost lost in the adagio. Then in a scene that seals the futility of war, the camera focuses a tired, old, weary Emperor as he takes a deep breath and closes his eyes in an expression that reveals his sad resignation that another battle has been won. At first glance, I just thought â€Å"Gladiator† was simply going to be a â€Å"blood and guts film,† But having watched it with greater attention, I believe it is a truly great film. Ridley Scott has carefully constructed an opening scene that brings out the futility of war and one mans struggle to be free. Scott had used many different effects such as; slow motion photography, quick change in atmosphere and an almost monochrome set with the orange of burning fires and sepia tones. The musical score has switched between triumphant martial music and a slow adagio hinting of imminent tragedy and sadness. Even the minimal dialogue between the characters complements the director’s intended effect. Overall this is a magnificent opening scene. How to cite What Are the Intended Effects of the Opening of Ridley Scott’s ‘Gladiator’ and How Effective Are They?, Papers

The Case Study of Anne Diagnosed with Appendicitis Free Sample

Question: Discuss the Case Study of Anne. Answer: Introduction: In this essay, case of Anne is discussed. She is diagnosed with appendicitis. Pathophysiology of Anne is discussed. Role of growth and development theories, developmentally appropriate care, family centered care and hospitalization of Anne are discussed. Pathophysiology: In this essay case if Anne is discussed. Anne is diagnosed with appendicits. Appendicits is mainly inflammation of the inner lining of vermiform appendix. This inflammation can also spread to other parts. Obstruction of the appendix mainly occurs due to episodes of constipation and low fiber diet. As a result, there is fecalith occlusion in the appendix. Obstruction of the appendix leads to the trapping of the bacteria within appendiceal lumen. These bacteria begin to multiply and as a result appendix distended. Hence, Anne was prescribed with antibiotics (Brogden and Streets, 2013). This leads to the raised intraluminal pressure which obstructs venous drainage. Due to obstruction of the appendix, there is occurrence of ischemia. Ischemia increases chances of bacterial infection due to loss of epithelial integrity. This leads to the open wound and impaired tissue integrity. Infection and ischemia together induces inflammation of appendix. Peritonitis is mentioned in Anne which is an inflammatory condition. Due to inflammation and thrombosis of the appendicular artery and veins there is necrosis and gangrene of appendix (Feldman et al., 2010). Perforation occurs in the gangrenous appendix. This perforation of the appendix is more common in younger children as compared to the adults. These perforations increase in the children with increase in the duration of symptoms. In Anne case this gangarene and perforated appendix condition mentioned. In the initial phase of the appendicitis, there may be only periumbilical pain because of T10 innervation of the appendix. Anne also mentioned about right iliac fossa pain. She was prescribed with morphine for relieving pain. Release of prostaglandin and bradykinin lead to the development of pain. Wound in the appendix stimulate nociceptors and send pain signals to the central nervous system. With the progression of the inflammation, there is formation of exudates on the appendiceal serosal surface. As result, exudate comes in contact with the parietal peritoneum and pain becomes more intensified and localized in the surrounding area (Story, 2011). Perforation of the appendix results in the release of mucus fluid due to inflammation and bacteria in the abdominal cavity. This leads to the intensified inflammation of the peritoneal surface and as a result there is development of peritonitis. This peritonitis can be of diffused or localized based on the spillage of the luminal contents in the omentum and the adjacent bowel. If these contents form abscess, pain and tenderness may be localized at the abscess site. If these contents are fluid, pain and tenderness become generalized throughout peritoneum (Loeffler, 2014). Growth and developmental theories: Nurse should incorporate growth and developmental theories in nursing intervention for Anne. These theories include psychoanalytic theories, learning theories, cognitive development theories and system theories. Eriksons Psychoanalytical theories specifically deal with the awareness of the unconscious activities to the children (White et al., 2005). Appendicitis is associated with the inflammation and pain of the appendix. Nurse should evaluate this knowledge in Anne through psychoanalytical theories. Nurse should evaluate knowledge about social aspects about the disease in Anne. Hence, Anne can discuss about disease with society members and her peers. Scientific understanding and behavioral change can be accomplished through use of Albert Bandura's learning theories (Berk, 2009). Nurse should assess the reasons behind obstruction of appendicitis in Anne. Learning theories can teach Anne to repeat desirable incidences and avoid undesirable incidences. Nurse should ask her about const ipation problem and her food habits. Nurse should advise her not to eat food which is responsible for constipation. Nurse should make her realize that an appendix is very common and serious problem in the children. Nurse should make her realize that her diseased condition can affect her family members negatively (Adler-Tapia, 2012). Generally, children are not aware of most of things. Hence, nurse should evaluate Annes knowledge and make her diseased condition understand. Piagets Cognitive developmental theory is very important in children because children are unable to distinguish between bad and good things as compared to the adults (Berk, 2009). Nurse should evaluate cognitive developmental theory in Anne to change her attitude towards right things. This would be helpful in curing Annes diseased condition. Anne can change her behavior towards right things by eating food which would not affect her appendix (Hahn et al., 2016). According to cognitive developmental theory, children are more eager to learn. Hence, nurse should utilize it and teach Anne about disease. Cognitive development theory dont have place for emotions, hence nurse should not get controlled by emotions of Anne. Bronfenbrenners Systems theories of development are mainly based on the interaction and association of different people including family members for changing behavior of children (Berk, 2009). Hence, nurse should evaluate family members of Anne for provision of good food. E valuation and execution of these developmental theories in Anne by nurse can definitely improve her disease condition (Leifer Fleck, 2013). Developmentally appropriate care: Diseased condition in the Annes age could have long term effect on her growth and development. Nurse should make aware Anne and her family members about this fact. Nurse should advise Anne and her family members to give more attention to food. Because, food can adversely affect appendix. Nurse should tell her that she should not get depressed due to her diseased condition. She should mingle with society members and her peers. She should not keep her detached from society. Nurse should tell her that society members can help her to improve her diseased condition. Disease condition in this age can adversely affect Anne both physically and mentally (Lowry-Lehnen, 2015). This age appropriate intervention would definitely be helpful in improving diseased condition of Anne. Family centered care: Family centered care is a vital component of the nursing intervention because children are not developed sufficiently to manage their disease condition. Annes family is her main force. Nurse should take this into consideration and involve her family members in providing nursing intervention to her. Nurse should enquire from her family members about her health issues, eating habits and psychological behavior. Based on this information, nurse can plan for her nursing intervention. Family members of Anne would be helpful in giving her emotional stability. It would also be helpful in improving morale of Anne. It would be helpful for Anne to tolerate social consequences. Nurse should give confidence to family members that proper medication can be definitely improve her condition (Law, 2012). Nurse should involve family members of Anne in planning and delivering nursing care to Anne. Nurse should educate Annes family members for managing pain due to appendix. Nurse should advise family members of Anne to maintain proper hygienic conditions because infection due to food can exaggerate disease condition in Anne. Nurse should advise her family members to administer plenty of fluids. It can be helpful in removing obstruction in the appendix (Chalmers, 2017). Understanding of the disease condition can relive stress on family members of the patient and improve confidence in recovery. Nurse should understand Anne and her mothers feelings and should give respect to them. Nurse should use respectful words with them. Nurse should comprehend strengths and weaknesses of Anne and her mother. Nurse should plan nursing interventions based on these strengths and weaknesses. Nurse should keep in mind socioeconomic and cultural background of Anne and her family while providing nursing intervention. Nurse should make aware of Annes accurate health condition to her family members. Nurse should also make them aware of anticipated effect on appendix after the completion of the nursing intervention (Barnsteiner et al., 2014). Children didnt feel stress, if nursing intervention provided in the presence of their family members. By keeping this in mind, nurse should provide nursing intervention to Anne in presence of her family members. It is well proved that proper communication with family members is important for providing effective nursing intervention to children. Hence, nurse should ascertain proper communication with family members because it is difficult for Anne to understand health related issues. Communication with family members would be helpful in improving knowledge of family members about the treatment to be provided to Anne. By virtue of this, nurse can incorporate them in decision making and care of Anne at home. Hospitalization can be effectively reduced with implementation of family centered care. Family centered care give satisfaction to Anne and her family members (Shaul, 2014; Watson and Rodwell, 2014). Family centered care would strengthen relation between nurse and Annes family members. By virtue of this nurse can win confidence of her family members. Family centered care would be helpful in treating Anne and relieving stress on her family members. Hospitalization: Hospitalization is the significant part of children care. However, long duration hospitalizations of children can negatively affects children both physically and mentally. Anne may feel separated and rejected from the family members and peers due to hospitalization. Anne may feel anxious due to fear of pain during hospitalization. Nurse should give her assurance that hospitalization is for her wellbeing. Also, nurse should assure her that they will discharge her immediately after her improvement (Thurston, 2014). It reflects, nurse should give psychological counseling to Anne and promote her for hospitalization. Nurse should brief her about medical procedure so that she would be relieved from the stress. Nurse should ask her family members to counsel her for hospital admission. Nurse should give flexibility to her family members to stay with her in hospital and nurse should give permission to her peers to meet her. By virtue of this she would not feel isolated from her family members. This would help to stay happily in the hospital. Literature also mentioned that, children with high morale respond treatment succefully than children with low morale. Nurse should give her assurance that, society is going to help her in improving her condition. Nurse should provide counseling to family members of Anne about financial issues due to hospitalization. Nurse should maintain confidentiality of Annes hospitalization. Nurse should provide suitable environment foe Anne in the hospital based on her medical history, behavioural history, cultural background and socioeconomic status (Tehrani et al., 2012; B rykczynska and Simons, 2011). This type of dignity provision to Anne and her family would encourage them for hospitalization. Nurse should consider these factors for hospitalization of Anne. Conclusion: Appendictis is the inflammatory and infectious condition which specifically affects appendix. Constipation and improper food are the triggering factors for appendicitis. Disease condition worsens due to infection and ischemia. In this case Anne is diagnosed with appendicitis. Nurse should implement growth and development theories for holistic care of Anne. Nurse should consider age of Anne while providing nursing intervention to her. This age consideration is important because in this age there are chances of certain physiological and psychological changes in the children. Multiple factors are involved in the care of Anne. Hence, nurse should implement family centered care to Anne. Nurse should consider multiple factors during hospitalization of Anne. Consideration of all these factors would definitely be helpful in implementing holistic care to Anne. References: Adler-Tapia, R. (2012). Child Psychotherapy: Integrating Developmental Theory into Clinical Practice. Springer Publishing Company. Barnsteiner, J., Disch, J., and Walton, M. (2014). Person and Family Centered Care. Sigma Theta Tau. Berk, L. E. (2009). Child Development. 8th ed. United States of America. Pearson Education, Inc. Brogden, T.G., and Streets, C.G. (2013). The management of acute appendicitis. Journal of the Royal Naval Medical Service. 99(3), 106-10. Brykczynska, G.M., and Simons, J. (2011). Ethical and Philosophical Aspects of Nursing Children and Young People. John Wiley Sons. Chalmers, B. (2017). Family-Centred Perinatal Care. Cambridge University Press. Feldman, M., Friedman, L. S., and Brandt, L. J. (2010). Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hahn, F., Coricelli, F., and Di Matteo, M. (2016). New Theories in Growth and Development. Springer. Law, M. (2012). Family-Centred Assessment and Intervention in Pediatric Rehabilitation. Routledge. Leifer, G. Fleck, E. (2013). Growth and Development Across the Lifespan: A Health Promotion Focus. Elsevier Health Sciences. Loeffler, A.G. (2014). Introduction to Human Disease: Pathophysiology for Health Professionals. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Lowry-Lehnen, T. (2015). Theories of Human Growth and Development: Developmental Psychology. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform. Shaul, R. Z. (2014). Paediatric Patient and Family-Centred Care: Ethical and Legal Issues. Springer Science Business. Story, L. (2011). Pathophysiology. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Tehrani, T. H., Haghighi, M., and Bazmamoun, H. (2012). Effects of Stress on Mothers of Hospitalized Children in a Hospital in Iran. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 6(4), 3945. Thurston, C. (2014). Essential Nursing Care for Children and Young People: heory, Policy and Practice. Routledge. Watson, G. and Rodwell, S. (2014). Safeguarding and Protecting Children, Young People and Families: A Guide for Nurses and Midwives. SAGE. White, F., Hayes, B., and Livesey, D. (2005). Developmental Psychology: From Infancy to Adulthood. NSW. Pearson Education Australia.